Canola Oil
About
Canola Oil is considered to be a healthy vegetable oil that is derived from pressing the seeds of the Canola Plant (developed from the Rapeseed). It originated in Canada where it was called "Canada Oil, Low Acid" from which the name Canola is derived.
Canola oil is great for cooking. It is low in saturated fats and high in monounsaturated fats. It also provides a good source of Omega 3 and 6 fatty acids.
Information
Physical Description
Canola Oil is Yellowish Clear and Slippery. Canola oil is low in saturated fat, is high in monounsaturated fat, and has a beneficial omega-3 fatty acid profile. The Canola Council of Canada states that it is completely safe and is the "healthiest" of all commonly used cooking oils. It has well established heart health benefits and is recognized by many health professional organizations including the American Dietetic Association, and American Heart Association, among others. Canola oil has been authorized a qualified health claim from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration based on its ability to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease due to its unsaturated fat content.
Tasting Notes
Selecting and Buying
Canola oil is produced from pressed canola seeds. This seed is harvested from pods, particularly in North America, with North Dakota accounting for 92 percent of U.S. production. Canola is a type of rapeseed; however, it has been adapted to get rid of potential undesirable qualities of rapeseed, such as erucic acid. In 1985 the Food and Drug Administration certified canola as safe for human consumption. It is a popular oil due to its high levels of unsaturated and omega-3 fats. It is also popular among cooks due to its high burning temperature.
Instructions
Precondition the seeds with a grain dryer unit for direct heating. Spread the canola seeds evenly on the grain dryer unit. Remove the cooling section from the grain dryer unit, and apply gentle heat over 30-45 minutes at 86 to 104 degrees Fahrenheit for uniform heating. Due to the often cold temperatures in which canola is grown it was found that preconditioning or heating the seed produced much better oil extraction conditions.
Roll or flake the seeds. To extract the oil the cell walls within the seed must be ruptured to allow the lipids to migrate to the outer layer and thus be extracted. Roll the preheated seed or flake between two smooth cast-iron rolls. The rolls should be between 500 to 800 mm diameter and 1,000 to 1,500 mm long. The rolls rotate with one operating at a higher frequency than others allowing abrasion between the roll surfaces which allows the seeds to be sheared as they pass through. The rolls should be equipped with scrapers to prevent the seeds from sticking.
Cook the canola flakes in a stacked oven with five to eight steam-heated tray bottoms. The oven should be equipped with a rotating arm just above each tray for stirring as well as a chute mechanism which allows flakes to pass between layers allowing seeds to heat evenly. The cooking process should take place at controlled temperatures between 100 and 140 degrees F.
Press the seeds until cake fragments form. This should be done in either screw presses or expellars, which are mechanized machines for crushing. This method reduces the lipid content from 42 percent to between 16 to 20 percent. Screw pressing or expelling also condenses the seeds into a dense substance known as "cake fragments."
Extract the oil from the cake fragments using hexane extraction or cold pressing. The hexane extraction process involves maximizing contact between the cake fragments and hexane (0.12 percent hexane concentration -- 1 g hexane/100 g flakes -- and incubation for 12 hours at 122 degrees F) through a series of soakings or washings. This is the common method of oil extraction and is used to supply the bulk of canola oil in the marketplace.
Extract the oil from the cake fragments using cold (expellar) pressing. This is the mechanical pressing of the cake, again using screw presses or expellars which mechanically crush the cake fragments. This crushing is done at a slow pace to avoid raising temperatures. This process produces a lower yield of oil, typically 75 to 85 percent. Its cost is usually higher and and it has a stronger smell and flavor. A commercial oil expellar has a production capacity of 300 kilos per hour of raw material.
Preparation and Use
Use when frying Pork, Chicken, Beef or Vegetables.
Conserving and Storing
How to Store Used Canola Oil
Canola oil is a healthy choice when it comes to oils because it's very low in saturated fat and has a very high proportion of monounsaturated fat. Since it can tolerate higher heat than olive oil, you can use small amounts of canola oil for deep frying or sautéing. You also don't have to discard the used oil. If you store used canola oil properly, you can use it multiple times to help save money and avoid waste
Instructions
Let the used canola oil cool to room temperature before handling it. Position a strainer over a small bowl. Lay a coffee filter over the strainer.
Pour the cooled canola oil onto the coffee filter and into the strainer. Discard any solid food particles or chunks in the strainer.
Transfer the strained canola oil into an airtight container. Keep in the refrigerator to prevent the oil from becoming rancid.
Discard the oil from your refrigerator when it starts to darken and change colors (which could be a sign of too many food particles) or if it starts to have a distinctive odor.
Tips:
Smell and taste the canola oil before reusing it. It is rancid if it smells or tastes bitter or sour.
Never use canola oil if it still contains food particles because they can burn and smoke when you heat the oil.
